Q&A: swine flu treatment

　　治療是否有效？

　　據(jù)英國衛(wèi)生機構(gòu)透露，測試顯示人感染H1N1病毒（豬流感）可以使用抗病毒藥物oseltamavir （達(dá)菲）和zanamivir（瑞沙）治療。昨天，衛(wèi)生大臣艾倫約翰遜表示，達(dá)菲在墨西哥已被證明是有效的治療藥物。達(dá)菲的需求已經(jīng)達(dá)到了歷史的最高值，它是片劑形式的，而瑞沙必須被吸入。

　　Is treatment available and does it work?

　　Testing has shown that the human swine influenza H1N1 can be treated with the antivirals oseltamavir (Tamiflu) and zanamivir (Relenza), according to the UK's Health Protection Agency. The health secretary, Alan Johnson, said yesterday that Tamiflu had proved effective on patients in Mexico. Demand has historically been greatest for Tamiflu, which comes in tablet form, while Relenza must be inhaled.

　　抗病毒藥物治療方法是什么呢？

　　藥物減輕某些癥狀，減少可能造成嚴(yán)重的并發(fā)癥的機會例如肺炎，并且一天左右切斷疾病的長度。最重要的是，它們還會減少病毒在人和人之間傳染的幾率。政府估計，如果沒有抗病毒藥物，這種疾病在英國大流行會造成多達(dá)750000人死亡。

　　What do antiviral treatments do?

　　Drugs relieve some of the symptoms, reduce the potential for serious complications like pneumonia and cut the length of the illness by around a day. Crucially, they also reduce transmission of the virus from person to person. The government estimates that up to 750,000 people could die in the UK during a pandemic without antivirals.

　　這些藥物我們有多少呢？

　　NHS（英國國民健康保險制度）今年早些時候與制藥公司羅氏公司（制造達(dá)菲和GlaxoSmithKline的公司）簽訂合同，瑞沙有雙倍儲存量，使我們的總儲量為三千三百五十萬療程。

　　How much of these drugs do we have?

　　The NHS signed contracts earlier this year with pharmaceutical companies Roche, which makes Tamiflu, and GlaxoSmithKline, which makes Relenza, to double its store of antiviral drugs, bringing our total capacity to 33.5 million treatment courses.

　　夠了嗎？

　　假如每個人都生病的話，政府的儲量可以普惠50 ％的人口。英國已經(jīng)是舉世公認(rèn)的一個準(zhǔn)備得最好的國家之一。以前流感大流行感染人口比例在25 ％和35 ％之間。醫(yī).學(xué)教育.網(wǎng)搜集整理

　　Is that enough?

　　The government's store would cover 50% of the population – everyone predicted to fall ill in the event of a pandemic. It says the UK is already widely recognised as one of the best prepared countries in the world. Previous flu pandemics have infected between 25% and 35% of the population.

　　疫苗的情況？

　　科學(xué)家們正致力于開發(fā)一種新的疫苗。但是，記者在盧森堡歐盟委員會通報會上被告知，雖然業(yè)內(nèi)人士正在盡快的工作，新措施也意味著它上市的時間比正常疫苗更快，但這個過程可能仍然需要半年時間。 醫(yī).學(xué)教.育網(wǎng)搜.集整理

　　What about a vaccine?

　　Scientists are working on developing a vaccine against the new strain. But reporters at a European commission briefing in Luxembourg were told that although the industry was working as fast as possible and new measures meant it could be on the market much quicker than a normal vaccine, the process could still take up to half a year.